'Genetics and Child Development Essay\r'

' genetic science play a vital role in our development and that of our minorren. Our genetic make-up, or traits, directly affects our electric shaverren’s development, from the moment of imagination and the beginnings of a new person, end-to-end his or her life. The babe’s developmental pot is all in the deoxyribonucleic tart, (DNA). Deoxyribonucleic acid, is fashi wizd in the bring to pass of a double helix; a perverse ladder of genetic code, which along with various proteins, which ar essential to aid the DNA in strait-laced cell division, argon found in chromosomes. These are the microscopic structures that contain all an individual’s genetic tuition which are found in every cell of the human body take out red blood cells, which feel no nuclei (TGC, 2013). one-half our chromosomes (23) come from our father, and the other half from our mother, for a innate of 46.\r\nTogether, this set of 23 pairs of chromosomes is responsible for fine-looking us our hair gloss, eye color, height, the shape of our earlobes, our facial features, our shape, and the color of our skin; our genotype, or inherited traits from both parents’ genes (Mossler, 2011). electric shaver development is dependent on genetics and the compatibility and wellness of the unite parental sets of chromosomes (GSLC, n.d). Things can go wrong, and separate of essential chromosomes may be deformed, rearranged, ab common or missing; this can wreak havoc on the well-being of the developing fetus, resulting in deformities, mental retardation, and bring forth defects (GTC, 2013, para.1, sub sect. 2). Risk factors for a higher incidence of these chromosomal abnormalities include maternal board, and sometimes paternal age, and/or they may be due to a glitch in meiosis; the process where gametes or sex cells are formed; the egg (ovum), and the sperm, each(prenominal) containing 23 chromosomes (GSLC, n.d).\r\nGenetic counselors talk to couples before conception or during their pregnancy, regarding any worries they may have with their combined family genetic history. The counselor is consulted to assess the outcomes of possible genetic disorders such as Tay-Sachs, cystic Fibrosis, toss off syndrome, and umpteen others. Fetal intervention may be a distinct possibility for some inherited distempers with which a genetic counselor may assist couples. mickle syndrome is one of the most common chromosome abnormalities, which is recognized by a duplicate copy of chromosome 21. Babies with carry out syndrome have flat features, including extra skin behind their necks, short, short hands, and recessed chins. Their eyes look as if they were natural of Mongolian heritage, and downwardly syndrome was formerly known as Mongolism in the pre-1965 era, due to this exact feature, take down though it has nothing whatsoever to do with this cross syndrome.\r\nThe term â€Å"Mongolism” was dropped in 1965 by the homo Health Organization (WHO), (Lowe, 1949). Maternal age is applicable when it comes to an elevated risk of master syndrome; according to a study, 1/350 normal merry births born to mothers age 35 resulted in Down syndrome; whereas, one Down syndrome birth in 85 normal live births occurred when the maternal age was 41. Mothers over 45 long time of age, had a 1/25 chance of giving live birth to a bollix up with Down syndrome (Hook, 1983). Oddly enough, 80 percent of Down syndrome occurs at a maternal age of less than 35 (TGC, 2013, para.1, sub sect. 2). Child development of the child with Down syndrome is held on a parallel with normal children; however, the child with Down syndrome may achieve with less competency than that of his normal classroom counterpart. Evidence reveals that children with Down syndrome bring in from integration and interaction with others in a normal school environment. In particular, they show significant gains in spoken language, reading, writing and arithmetic.\r\nThis enhances th eir ability at a later stage to successfully interact with adults and incur racy members of society (Buckley & Sachs, 2001). When I had my youngest child at almost 42 years-old, I had amnio to test for Down syndrome and other abnormalities, as I was an older mother. My obstetrician believed I may be carrying twins; however, he came to the conclusion that my single baby absorbed his twin in utero, which today is sort of commonplace. â€Å"Cystic Fibrosis is the most common genetic disease in Caucasians. The incidence is 1/300, and 4 †5 percent of Americans are carriers.\r\nChromosome 7 is the one impact here, whereby it is caused by a change in a single nucleotide (a phosphoric ester of a nucleoside; the staple fibre structural unit of nucleic acids, DNA or ribonucleic acid (RNA). This disease affects the respiratory tract, in that it becomes clogged by mucus, which increases the incidence of pulmonary infection. Additionally, secretions obstruct the pancreas, which l eads to dietary problems (GSLC, n.d).” Cystic Fibrosis or â€Å"55 Roses” as it is commonly called by children suffering from the disease, affects child development by present cognitive, emotional and behavioral challenges. To conclude, in writing this motif I have developed a advance understanding regarding the world of genetics and chromosomal diseases and their printing on child development.\r\nChildren and their individual development by dint of the various stages of these chromosomal diseases and disorders pose many challenges for them to overcome, and are more often than not, life-changing events for their families. Life expectancy for CF sufferers is not longevity; however, the quality of their limited lifestyles should be paramount within their family’s goals to make their child’s life on Earth as pleasant a time as possible. Down syndrome, however, although outwardly obvious to the perfect stranger, is nevertheless one of the milder forms of chromosomal diseases that can be worked through, albeit a challenge, to qualify the sufferer into a fully functioning productive member of society.\r\nReferences\r\nBuckley S.J., Sacks B., (2001) An overview of the development of children with Down syndrome (5-11 years). Down syndrome Issues and Information. Retrieved February 12, 2013, from: http://www.down-\r\nsyndrome.org/information/development/childhood/\r\nErnst, M.M., Johnson, M.C., Stark, L.J., (2010). Developmental and psychosocial issues in cystic fibrosis. Retrieved February 12,\r\n2013, from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20478499\r\nGSLC, (n.d). Genetics and child development. Retrieved February 12, 2013, from: http://gslc.genetics.utah.edu/units/disorders/karyotype/\r\nHook, E. B., (1983). Frequency of Down syndrome per maternal age. Jama 249:2034- 2038. Retrieved February 12, 2013, from: http://www.ds-health.com/risk.htm Lowe, R. F., (1949) The eyes in mongolism. Br J Ophthalmol. Retrieved February 12, 2013, fro m: muff;33(3):131â€174, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC505809/ Mossler R. A., (2011) Child and Adolescent Development San Diego, CA. Bridgepoint Edu\r\nTGC, (2013). Genetics and chromosome analysis. Retrieved February 12, 2013, from: http://www.thegeneticscenter.com/chroman.htm\r\n'